Crystal oscillators are fundamental components in modern electronic systems, providing the precise timing necessary for communication, computation, and sensor network operations. Recent advances in ...

Abstract: Quartz crystals are mechanical resonators with piezoelectric properties. The piezoelectric properties (electric potential across the crystal is proportional to mechanical deformation) allow ...

This tutorial explains the primary design considerations to be addressed in a design of a simple crystal oscillator using AT-cut crystals. The basic qualities of a crystal oscillator and factors that ...

Designed to control the frequency of crystal oscillator circuits, the 3022 series of high-ratio, hyperabrupt varactor tuning diodes is designed to deliver a dc bias control voltage from -0.3V to -4V.

Fig 1. This Pierce-series resonant oscillator can reliably start at supply voltages as low as 2.4 V. It also draws very low current, ensuring long battery life. Fig 2. An oscilloscope photo shows the ...

Crystal oscillators are incredibly useful components, but they come with one little snag: their oscillation is temperature-dependent. For many applications the relatively small deviation is not a ...