Hidden Markov models (HMMs) provide a robust statistical framework for analysing sequential data by assuming that the observed processes are driven by underlying, unobserved states. These models have ...

The Andersson-Madigan-Perlman (AMP) Markov property is a recently proposed alternative Markov property (AMP) for chain graphs. In the case of continuous variables with a joint multivariate Gaussian ...

High-order Markov chain models extend the conventional framework by incorporating dependencies that span several previous states rather than solely the immediate past. This extension allows for a ...

We study a Markovian agent-based model (MABM) in this paper. Each agent is endowed with a local state that changes over time as the agent interacts with its neighbours. The neighbourhood structure is ...